From 19259a03834c38ee81eda915b20cfea21b4bc1e5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Sebastian Poxhofer <secustor@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 4 Jul 2023 11:41:19 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] feat!: categories (#16534)

Closes #13953

Co-authored-by: Rhys Arkins <rhys@arkins.net>
Co-authored-by: Michael Kriese <michael.kriese@visualon.de>
Co-authored-by: HonkingGoose <34918129+HonkingGoose@users.noreply.github.com>

BREAKING CHANGE: languages are now called categories instead
---
 docs/development/adding-a-package-manager.md  |   8 +-
 docs/usage/configuration-options.md           |  68 ++----------
 docs/usage/golang.md                          |   9 ++
 .../__snapshots__/validation.spec.ts.snap     |  12 +--
 lib/config/index.ts                           |  13 +--
 lib/config/migration.spec.ts                  |   2 +-
 .../custom/package-rules-migration.spec.ts    |  50 +++++++++
 .../custom/package-rules-migration.ts         |   3 +-
 lib/config/options/index.ts                   | 100 +-----------------
 lib/config/presets/internal/default.ts        |  10 +-
 lib/config/presets/internal/docker.ts         |  14 ++-
 lib/config/presets/internal/preview.ts        |  10 +-
 lib/config/types.ts                           |   5 +-
 lib/config/validation.spec.ts                 |  17 +--
 lib/config/validation.ts                      |   5 +-
 lib/constants/category.ts                     |  24 +++++
 lib/constants/index.ts                        |   2 +-
 lib/constants/programming-language.ts         |  16 ---
 lib/modules/datasource/go/index.ts            |   4 +
 lib/modules/manager/ansible-galaxy/index.ts   |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/ansible/index.ts          |   4 +-
 lib/modules/manager/argocd/index.ts           |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/azure-pipelines/index.ts  |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/batect-wrapper/index.ts   |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/batect/index.ts           |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/bazel/index.ts            |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/bazelisk/index.ts         |   3 +
 .../manager/bitbucket-pipelines/index.ts      |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/buildkite/index.ts        |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/bundler/index.ts          |   5 +-
 lib/modules/manager/cake/index.ts             |   6 +-
 lib/modules/manager/cargo/index.ts            |   5 +-
 lib/modules/manager/cdnurl/index.ts           |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/circleci/index.ts         |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/cloudbuild/index.ts       |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/cocoapods/index.ts        |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/composer/index.ts         |   5 +-
 lib/modules/manager/conan/index.ts            |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/deps-edn/index.ts         |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/docker-compose/index.ts   |   6 +-
 lib/modules/manager/dockerfile/index.ts       |   6 +-
 lib/modules/manager/droneci/index.ts          |   6 +-
 lib/modules/manager/fleet/index.ts            |   5 +
 lib/modules/manager/flux/index.ts             |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/github-actions/index.ts   |   4 +-
 lib/modules/manager/gitlabci-include/index.ts |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/gitlabci/index.ts         |   6 +-
 lib/modules/manager/gomod/index.ts            |   6 +-
 lib/modules/manager/gradle-wrapper/index.ts   |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/gradle/index.ts           |   5 +-
 .../manager/helm-requirements/index.ts        |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/helm-values/index.ts      |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/helmfile/index.ts         |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/helmsman/index.ts         |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/helmv3/index.ts           |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/html/index.ts             |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/index.spec.ts             |   6 --
 lib/modules/manager/index.ts                  |   4 -
 lib/modules/manager/jenkins/index.ts          |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/jsonnet-bundler/index.ts  |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/kotlin-script/index.ts    |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/kubernetes/index.ts       |   6 +-
 lib/modules/manager/kustomize/index.ts        |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/leiningen/index.ts        |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/maven/index.ts            |   6 +-
 lib/modules/manager/meteor/index.ts           |   6 +-
 lib/modules/manager/mint/index.ts             |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/mix/index.ts              |   6 +-
 lib/modules/manager/nodenv/index.ts           |   6 +-
 lib/modules/manager/npm/index.ts              |   5 +-
 lib/modules/manager/nuget/index.ts            |   6 +-
 lib/modules/manager/nvm/index.ts              |   6 +-
 lib/modules/manager/osgi/index.ts             |   3 -
 lib/modules/manager/pip-compile/index.ts      |   5 +-
 lib/modules/manager/pip_requirements/index.ts |   6 +-
 lib/modules/manager/pip_setup/index.ts        |   6 +-
 lib/modules/manager/pipenv/index.ts           |   5 +-
 lib/modules/manager/poetry/index.ts           |   5 +-
 lib/modules/manager/pub/index.ts              |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/puppet/index.ts           |   6 +-
 lib/modules/manager/pyenv/index.ts            |   6 +-
 lib/modules/manager/ruby-version/index.ts     |   6 +-
 lib/modules/manager/sbt/index.ts              |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/setup-cfg/index.ts        |   6 +-
 lib/modules/manager/swift/index.ts            |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/tekton/index.ts           |   3 +
 .../manager/terraform-version/index.ts        |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/terraform/index.ts        |   3 +
 .../manager/terragrunt-version/index.ts       |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/terragrunt/index.ts       |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/tflint-plugin/index.ts    |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/travis/index.ts           |   6 +-
 lib/modules/manager/types.ts                  |   5 +-
 lib/modules/manager/velaci/index.ts           |   3 +
 lib/modules/manager/woodpecker/index.ts       |   6 +-
 lib/util/package-rules/categories.ts          |  20 ++++
 lib/util/package-rules/index.spec.ts          |  34 ++++--
 lib/util/package-rules/languages.ts           |  18 ----
 lib/util/package-rules/matchers.ts            |   4 +-
 lib/workers/types.ts                          |   1 -
 tools/docs/manager.ts                         |  50 ++++++---
 101 files changed, 455 insertions(+), 361 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 lib/constants/category.ts
 delete mode 100644 lib/constants/programming-language.ts
 create mode 100644 lib/util/package-rules/categories.ts
 delete mode 100644 lib/util/package-rules/languages.ts

diff --git a/docs/development/adding-a-package-manager.md b/docs/development/adding-a-package-manager.md
index 6c70ba8e00..5d3fefbfc4 100644
--- a/docs/development/adding-a-package-manager.md
+++ b/docs/development/adding-a-package-manager.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Adding a Package Manager
 
-This document explains how to add a new language/package manager.
+This document explains how to add a new package manager.
 
 ## Code structure
 
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ The manager's `index.ts` file supports the following values or functions:
 | `extractPackageFile`          |          | yes   |
 | `extractAllPackageFiles`      | yes      | yes   |
 | `getRangeStrategy`            | yes      |       |
-| `language`                    | yes      |       |
+| `categories`                  | yes      |       |
 | `supportsLockFileMaintenance` | yes      |       |
 | `updateArtifacts`             | yes      | yes   |
 | `updateDependency`            | yes      |       |
@@ -80,10 +80,6 @@ The `npm` manager uses the `getRangeStrategy` function to pin `devDependencies`
 
 If left undefined, then a default `getRangeStrategy` will be used that always returns "replace".
 
-### `language` (optional)
-
-This is used when more than one package manager shares settings from a common language.
-
 ### `supportsLockFileMaintenance` (optional)
 
 Set to `true` if this package manager needs to update lock files in addition to package files.
diff --git a/docs/usage/configuration-options.md b/docs/usage/configuration-options.md
index f4b45f501d..442d3360bd 100644
--- a/docs/usage/configuration-options.md
+++ b/docs/usage/configuration-options.md
@@ -763,24 +763,6 @@ Descriptions fields embedded within presets are also collated as part of the onb
 
 Add to this object if you wish to define rules that apply only to PRs that update digests.
 
-## docker
-
-Add config here if you wish it to apply to Docker package managers Dockerfile and Docker Compose.
-If instead you mean to apply settings to any package manager that updates using the Docker _datasource_, use a package rule instead, e.g.
-
-```json
-{
-  "packageRules": [
-    {
-      "matchDatasources": ["docker"],
-      "labels": ["docker-update"]
-    }
-  ]
-}
-```
-
-## dotnet
-
 ## draftPR
 
 If you want the PRs created by Renovate to be considered as drafts rather than normal PRs, you could add this property to your `renovate.json`:
@@ -1132,16 +1114,6 @@ If you need to modify this path, for example in order to ignore directories, you
 }
 ```
 
-## golang
-
-Configuration added here applies for all Go-related updates.
-The only supported package manager for Go is the native Go Modules (the `gomod` manager).
-
-For self-hosted users, `GOPROXY`, `GONOPROXY`, `GOPRIVATE` and `GOINSECURE` environment variables are supported ([reference](https://go.dev/ref/mod#module-proxy)).
-
-Usage of `direct` will fallback to the Renovate-native release fetching mechanism.
-Also we support the `off` keyword which will stop any fetching immediately.
-
 ## group
 
 The default configuration for groups are essentially internal to Renovate and you normally shouldn't need to modify them.
@@ -1664,14 +1636,6 @@ Currently this applies to the `minimumReleaseAge` check only.
 The `flexible` mode can result in "flapping" of Pull Requests, for example: a pending PR with version `1.0.3` is first released but then downgraded to `1.0.2` once it passes `minimumReleaseAge`.
 We recommend that you use the `strict` mode, and enable the `dependencyDashboard` so that you can see suppressed PRs.
 
-## java
-
-Use this configuration option for shared config across all Java projects (Gradle and Maven).
-
-## js
-
-Use this configuration option for shared config across npm/Yarn/pnpm and meteor package managers.
-
 ## labels
 
 By default, Renovate won't add any labels to PRs.
@@ -1810,12 +1774,6 @@ This works because Renovate will add a "renovate/stability-days" pending status
 
 Add to this object if you wish to define rules that apply only to minor updates.
 
-## node
-
-Using this configuration option allows you to apply common configuration and policies across all Node.js version updates even if managed by different package managers (`npm`, `yarn`, etc.).
-
-Check out our [Node.js documentation](https://docs.renovatebot.com/node) for a comprehensive explanation of how the `node` option can be used.
-
 ## npmToken
 
 See [Private npm module support](./getting-started/private-packages.md) for details on how this is used.
@@ -2055,17 +2013,23 @@ See also `matchPackagePrefixes`.
 
 The above will match all package names starting with `eslint` but exclude ones starting with `eslint-foo`.
 
-### matchLanguages
+### matchCategories
+
+Use `matchCategories` to restrict rules to a particular language or group.
+Matching is done using "any" logic, i.e. "match any of the following categories".
+The categories can be found in the [manager documentation](./modules/manager/index.md).
 
-Use this field to restrict rules to a particular language. e.g.
+<!-- prettier-ignore -->
+!!! note
+    Rules with `matchCategories` are only applied _after_ extraction of dependencies.
+    If you want to configure which managers are being extracted at all, use `enabledManagers` instead.
 
 ```json
 {
   "packageRules": [
     {
-      "matchPackageNames": ["request"],
-      "matchLanguages": ["python"],
-      "enabled": false
+      "matchCategories": ["python"],
+      "addLabels": ["py"]
     }
   ]
 }
@@ -2528,8 +2492,6 @@ For example to replace the npm package `jade` with version `2.0.0` of the packag
 
 Add to this object if you wish to define rules that apply only to patch updates.
 
-## php
-
 ## pin
 
 Add to this object if you wish to define rules that apply only to PRs that pin dependencies.
@@ -2864,10 +2826,6 @@ Set `pruneBranchAfterAutomerge` to `false` to keep the branch after automerging.
 Configure to `false` to disable deleting orphan branches and autoclosing PRs.
 Defaults to `true`.
 
-## python
-
-Currently the only Python package manager is `pip` - specifically for `requirements.txt` and `requirements.pip` files, or any file that matches the pattern `requirements-*.(txt|pip)` - so adding any config to this `python` object is essentially the same as adding it to the `pip_requirements` object instead.
-
 ## rangeStrategy
 
 Behavior:
@@ -3314,10 +3272,6 @@ Renovate's "rollback" feature exists to propose a downgrade to the next-highest
 Renovate does not create these rollback PRs by default, so this functionality needs to be opted-into.
 We recommend you do this selectively with `packageRules` and not globally.
 
-## ruby
-
-## rust
-
 ## schedule
 
 The `schedule` option allows you to define times of week or month for Renovate updates.
diff --git a/docs/usage/golang.md b/docs/usage/golang.md
index 64535f9499..d9edec8e71 100644
--- a/docs/usage/golang.md
+++ b/docs/usage/golang.md
@@ -7,6 +7,15 @@ description: Go modules support in Renovate
 
 Renovate supports upgrading dependencies in `go.mod` files and their accompanying `go.sum` checksums.
 
+If you're self-hosting Renovate, you may use these environment variables:
+
+- `GOPROXY`
+- `GONOPROXY`
+- `GOPRIVATE`
+- `GOINSECURE`
+
+To learn what these variables do, read the [Go Modules Reference about the`GOPROXY` protocol](https://go.dev/ref/mod#module-proxy).
+
 ## How It Works
 
 1. Renovate searches in each repository for any `go.mod` files
diff --git a/lib/config/__snapshots__/validation.spec.ts.snap b/lib/config/__snapshots__/validation.spec.ts.snap
index fd32097b86..41f8bd3899 100644
--- a/lib/config/__snapshots__/validation.spec.ts.snap
+++ b/lib/config/__snapshots__/validation.spec.ts.snap
@@ -167,14 +167,10 @@ exports[`config/validation validateConfig(config) errors if invalid combinations
 ]
 `;
 
-exports[`config/validation validateConfig(config) errors if language or manager objects are nested 1`] = `
+exports[`config/validation validateConfig(config) errors if manager objects are nested 1`] = `
 [
   {
-    "message": "The "docker" object can only be configured at the top level of a config but was found inside "major.minor"",
-    "topic": "Configuration Error",
-  },
-  {
-    "message": "The "gradle" object can only be configured at the top level of a config but was found inside "java"",
+    "message": "The "gradle" object can only be configured at the top level of a config but was found inside "maven"",
     "topic": "Configuration Error",
   },
 ]
@@ -233,11 +229,11 @@ exports[`config/validation validateConfig(config) returns nested errors 1`] = `
 exports[`config/validation validateConfig(config) selectors outside packageRules array trigger errors 1`] = `
 [
   {
-    "message": "docker.minor.matchDepNames: matchDepNames should be inside a \`packageRule\` only",
+    "message": "ansible.minor.matchDepNames: matchDepNames should be inside a \`packageRule\` only",
     "topic": "Configuration Error",
   },
   {
-    "message": "docker.minor.matchPackageNames: matchPackageNames should be inside a \`packageRule\` only",
+    "message": "ansible.minor.matchPackageNames: matchPackageNames should be inside a \`packageRule\` only",
     "topic": "Configuration Error",
   },
   {
diff --git a/lib/config/index.ts b/lib/config/index.ts
index 886b0a6888..e612edc7de 100644
--- a/lib/config/index.ts
+++ b/lib/config/index.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { logger } from '../logger';
-import { get, getLanguageList, getManagerList } from '../modules/manager';
+import { get, getManagerList } from '../modules/manager';
 import * as options from './options';
 import type {
   AllConfig,
@@ -17,18 +17,15 @@ export function getManagerConfig(
 ): ManagerConfig {
   let managerConfig: ManagerConfig = {
     ...config,
-    language: null,
     manager,
   };
-  const language = get(manager, 'language');
-  if (language) {
-    // TODO: fix types #7154
-    managerConfig = mergeChildConfig(managerConfig, config[language] as any);
-    managerConfig.language = language;
+  const categories = get(manager, 'categories');
+  if (categories) {
+    managerConfig.categories = categories;
   }
   // TODO: fix types #7154
   managerConfig = mergeChildConfig(managerConfig, config[manager] as any);
-  for (const i of getLanguageList().concat(getManagerList())) {
+  for (const i of getManagerList()) {
     delete managerConfig[i];
   }
   return managerConfig;
diff --git a/lib/config/migration.spec.ts b/lib/config/migration.spec.ts
index eae90ddd53..02efcb1ce6 100644
--- a/lib/config/migration.spec.ts
+++ b/lib/config/migration.spec.ts
@@ -564,7 +564,7 @@ describe('config/migration', () => {
             matchBaseBranches: ['master'],
             matchDatasources: ['orb'],
             matchDepTypes: ['peerDependencies'],
-            matchLanguages: ['python'],
+            matchCategories: ['python'],
             matchManagers: ['dockerfile'],
             matchPackageNames: ['foo'],
             matchPackagePatterns: ['^bar'],
diff --git a/lib/config/migrations/custom/package-rules-migration.spec.ts b/lib/config/migrations/custom/package-rules-migration.spec.ts
index b5f6afaf7a..3e6ee62500 100644
--- a/lib/config/migrations/custom/package-rules-migration.spec.ts
+++ b/lib/config/migrations/custom/package-rules-migration.spec.ts
@@ -57,4 +57,54 @@ describe('config/migrations/custom/package-rules-migration', () => {
       }
     );
   });
+
+  it('should migrate languages to categories', () => {
+    expect(PackageRulesMigration).toMigrate(
+      {
+        packageRules: [
+          {
+            matchLanguages: ['docker', 'js'],
+            addLabels: ['docker'],
+          },
+          {
+            languages: ['java'],
+            addLabels: ['java'],
+          },
+        ],
+      },
+      {
+        packageRules: [
+          {
+            matchCategories: ['docker', 'js'],
+            addLabels: ['docker'],
+          },
+          {
+            matchCategories: ['java'],
+            addLabels: ['java'],
+          },
+        ],
+      }
+    );
+  });
+
+  it('should migrate single match rule', () => {
+    expect(PackageRulesMigration).toMigrate(
+      {
+        packageRules: [
+          {
+            matchLanguages: ['python'],
+            addLabels: ['py'],
+          },
+        ],
+      },
+      {
+        packageRules: [
+          {
+            matchCategories: ['python'],
+            addLabels: ['py'],
+          },
+        ],
+      }
+    );
+  });
 });
diff --git a/lib/config/migrations/custom/package-rules-migration.ts b/lib/config/migrations/custom/package-rules-migration.ts
index 9da8469fe3..a1e0712ea4 100644
--- a/lib/config/migrations/custom/package-rules-migration.ts
+++ b/lib/config/migrations/custom/package-rules-migration.ts
@@ -5,7 +5,8 @@ export const renameMap = {
   matchFiles: 'matchFileNames',
   matchPaths: 'matchFileNames',
   paths: 'matchFileNames',
-  languages: 'matchLanguages',
+  languages: 'matchCategories',
+  matchLanguages: 'matchCategories',
   baseBranchList: 'matchBaseBranches',
   managers: 'matchManagers',
   datasources: 'matchDatasources',
diff --git a/lib/config/options/index.ts b/lib/config/options/index.ts
index ee6cf0be98..d5d02f1e91 100644
--- a/lib/config/options/index.ts
+++ b/lib/config/options/index.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import { getManagers } from '../../modules/manager';
 import { getPlatformList } from '../../modules/platform';
 import { getVersioningList } from '../../modules/versioning';
-import * as dockerVersioning from '../../modules/versioning/docker';
 import type { RenovateOptions } from '../types';
 
 const options: RenovateOptions[] = [
@@ -994,9 +993,9 @@ const options: RenovateOptions[] = [
     env: false,
   },
   {
-    name: 'matchLanguages',
+    name: 'matchCategories',
     description:
-      'List of languages to match (e.g. `["python"]`). Valid only within a `packageRules` object.',
+      'List of categories to match (for example: `["python"]`). Valid only within a `packageRules` object.',
     type: 'array',
     subType: 'string',
     allowString: true,
@@ -2079,25 +2078,6 @@ const options: RenovateOptions[] = [
     cli: false,
     env: false,
   },
-  {
-    name: 'js',
-    description: 'Configuration object for JavaScript language.',
-    stage: 'package',
-    type: 'object',
-    default: {},
-    mergeable: true,
-  },
-  {
-    name: 'golang',
-    description: 'Configuration object for Go language.',
-    stage: 'package',
-    type: 'object',
-    default: {
-      commitMessageTopic: 'module {{depName}}',
-    },
-    mergeable: true,
-    cli: false,
-  },
   {
     name: 'postUpdateOptions',
     description:
@@ -2122,64 +2102,6 @@ const options: RenovateOptions[] = [
     env: false,
     mergeable: true,
   },
-  {
-    name: 'ruby',
-    description: 'Configuration object for Ruby language.',
-    stage: 'package',
-    type: 'object',
-    default: {},
-    mergeable: true,
-    cli: false,
-  },
-  {
-    name: 'rust',
-    description: 'Configuration option for Rust package management.',
-    stage: 'package',
-    type: 'object',
-    default: {},
-    mergeable: true,
-    cli: false,
-  },
-  {
-    name: 'node',
-    description: 'Configuration object for Node version renovation.',
-    stage: 'package',
-    type: 'object',
-    default: {
-      commitMessageTopic: 'Node.js',
-    },
-    mergeable: true,
-    cli: false,
-  },
-  {
-    name: 'docker',
-    description: 'Configuration object for Docker language.',
-    stage: 'package',
-    type: 'object',
-    default: {
-      versioning: dockerVersioning.id,
-    },
-    mergeable: true,
-    cli: false,
-  },
-  {
-    name: 'php',
-    description: 'Configuration object for PHP.',
-    stage: 'package',
-    type: 'object',
-    default: {},
-    mergeable: true,
-    cli: false,
-  },
-  {
-    name: 'python',
-    description: 'Configuration object for Python.',
-    stage: 'package',
-    type: 'object',
-    default: {},
-    mergeable: true,
-    cli: false,
-  },
   {
     name: 'constraints',
     description:
@@ -2198,24 +2120,6 @@ const options: RenovateOptions[] = [
       'poetry',
     ],
   },
-  {
-    name: 'java',
-    description: 'Configuration object for all Java package managers.',
-    stage: 'package',
-    type: 'object',
-    default: {},
-    mergeable: true,
-    cli: false,
-  },
-  {
-    name: 'dotnet',
-    description: 'Configuration object for .NET language.',
-    stage: 'package',
-    type: 'object',
-    default: {},
-    mergeable: true,
-    cli: false,
-  },
   {
     name: 'hostRules',
     description: 'Host rules/configuration including credentials.',
diff --git a/lib/config/presets/internal/default.ts b/lib/config/presets/internal/default.ts
index 977e42420d..4605a2a232 100644
--- a/lib/config/presets/internal/default.ts
+++ b/lib/config/presets/internal/default.ts
@@ -210,7 +210,10 @@ export const presets: Record<string, Preset> = {
   },
   docker: {
     description: 'Keep Dockerfile `FROM` sources updated.',
-    docker: {
+    'docker-compose': {
+      enabled: true,
+    },
+    dockerfile: {
       enabled: true,
     },
   },
@@ -360,7 +363,10 @@ export const presets: Record<string, Preset> = {
   },
   onlyNpm: {
     description: 'Renovate only npm dependencies.',
-    docker: {
+    'docker-compose': {
+      enabled: false,
+    },
+    dockerfile: {
       enabled: false,
     },
     meteor: {
diff --git a/lib/config/presets/internal/docker.ts b/lib/config/presets/internal/docker.ts
index 3709be75a3..9fcce5afe1 100644
--- a/lib/config/presets/internal/docker.ts
+++ b/lib/config/presets/internal/docker.ts
@@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ export const presets: Record<string, Preset> = {
       enabled: false,
     },
     description: 'Disable Docker updates.',
-    docker: {
+    'docker-compose': {
       enabled: false,
     },
-    'docker-compose': {
+    dockerfile: {
       enabled: false,
     },
   },
@@ -37,8 +37,12 @@ export const presets: Record<string, Preset> = {
   },
   pinDigests: {
     description: 'Pin Docker digests.',
-    docker: {
-      pinDigests: true,
-    },
+    packageRules: [
+      {
+        enabled: true,
+        matchDatasources: ['docker'],
+        pinDigests: true,
+      },
+    ],
   },
 };
diff --git a/lib/config/presets/internal/preview.ts b/lib/config/presets/internal/preview.ts
index 513412af5e..1644850f95 100644
--- a/lib/config/presets/internal/preview.ts
+++ b/lib/config/presets/internal/preview.ts
@@ -17,7 +17,15 @@ export const presets: Record<string, Preset> = {
   },
   dockerVersions: {
     description: 'Upgrade Docker tags to newer versions.',
-    docker: {
+    'docker-compose': {
+      major: {
+        enabled: true,
+      },
+      minor: {
+        enabled: true,
+      },
+    },
+    dockerfile: {
       major: {
         enabled: true,
       },
diff --git a/lib/config/types.ts b/lib/config/types.ts
index cb7bb2be40..e597c7217d 100644
--- a/lib/config/types.ts
+++ b/lib/config/types.ts
@@ -321,7 +321,6 @@ export interface PackageRule
   description?: string | string[];
   isVulnerabilityAlert?: boolean;
   matchFileNames?: string[];
-  matchLanguages?: string[];
   matchBaseBranches?: string[];
   matchManagers?: string | string[];
   matchDatasources?: string[];
@@ -341,6 +340,7 @@ export interface PackageRule
   matchSourceUrlPrefixes?: string[];
   matchSourceUrls?: string[];
   matchUpdateTypes?: UpdateType[];
+  matchCategories?: string[];
   matchConfidence?: MergeConfidence[];
   registryUrls?: string[] | null;
   vulnerabilitySeverity?: string;
@@ -477,7 +477,7 @@ export interface PackageRuleInputConfig extends Record<string, unknown> {
   mergeConfidenceLevel?: MergeConfidence | undefined;
   isBump?: boolean;
   sourceUrl?: string | null;
-  language?: string;
+  categories?: string[];
   baseBranch?: string;
   manager?: string;
   datasource?: string;
@@ -505,7 +505,6 @@ export interface MigratedRenovateConfig extends RenovateConfig {
 
 export interface ManagerConfig extends RenovateConfig {
   manager: string;
-  language?: string | null;
 }
 
 export interface ValidationResult {
diff --git a/lib/config/validation.spec.ts b/lib/config/validation.spec.ts
index 1a9ad038a3..ca52f29190 100644
--- a/lib/config/validation.spec.ts
+++ b/lib/config/validation.spec.ts
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ describe('config/validation', () => {
             },
           ],
         },
-        docker: {
+        ansible: {
           minor: {
             matchDepNames: ['meteor'],
             matchPackageNames: ['testPackage'],
@@ -631,28 +631,21 @@ describe('config/validation', () => {
       expect(warnings).toMatchSnapshot();
     });
 
-    it('errors if language or manager objects are nested', async () => {
+    it('errors if manager objects are nested', async () => {
       const config = {
-        python: {
+        pyenv: {
           enabled: false,
         },
-        java: {
+        maven: {
           gradle: {
             enabled: false,
           },
         },
-        major: {
-          minor: {
-            docker: {
-              automerge: true,
-            },
-          },
-        },
       } as never;
       const { warnings, errors } = await configValidation.validateConfig(
         config
       );
-      expect(errors).toHaveLength(2);
+      expect(errors).toHaveLength(1);
       expect(warnings).toHaveLength(0);
       expect(errors).toMatchSnapshot();
     });
diff --git a/lib/config/validation.ts b/lib/config/validation.ts
index 13ddfd3007..efc55ec8eb 100644
--- a/lib/config/validation.ts
+++ b/lib/config/validation.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import is from '@sindresorhus/is';
-import { getLanguageList, getManagerList } from '../modules/manager';
+import { getManagerList } from '../modules/manager';
 import { configRegexPredicate, isConfigRegex, regEx } from '../util/regex';
 import * as template from '../util/template';
 import {
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ let optionParents: Record<string, RenovateOptions['parent']>;
 
 const managerList = getManagerList();
 
-const topLevelObjects = getLanguageList().concat(getManagerList());
+const topLevelObjects = managerList;
 
 const ignoredNodes = [
   '$schema',
@@ -304,6 +304,7 @@ export async function validateConfig(
             const selectors = [
               'matchFileNames',
               'matchLanguages',
+              'matchCategories',
               'matchBaseBranches',
               'matchManagers',
               'matchDatasources',
diff --git a/lib/constants/category.ts b/lib/constants/category.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d04ee2f6d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/constants/category.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+export type Category =
+  | 'ansible'
+  | 'batect'
+  | 'bazel'
+  | 'c'
+  | 'cd'
+  | 'ci'
+  | 'dart'
+  | 'docker'
+  | 'dotnet'
+  | 'elixir'
+  | 'golang'
+  | 'helm'
+  | 'iac'
+  | 'java'
+  | 'js'
+  | 'kubernetes'
+  | 'node'
+  | 'php'
+  | 'python'
+  | 'ruby'
+  | 'rust'
+  | 'swift'
+  | 'terraform';
diff --git a/lib/constants/index.ts b/lib/constants/index.ts
index 9575afdf2a..cb5f74bc73 100644
--- a/lib/constants/index.ts
+++ b/lib/constants/index.ts
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
 export * from './platforms';
-export * from './programming-language';
+export type * from './category';
diff --git a/lib/constants/programming-language.ts b/lib/constants/programming-language.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 79f2ccff6e..0000000000
--- a/lib/constants/programming-language.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-export const programmingLanguages = [
-  'dart',
-  'docker',
-  'elixir',
-  'golang',
-  'java',
-  'js',
-  'dotnet',
-  'node',
-  'php',
-  'python',
-  'ruby',
-  'rust',
-] as const;
-
-export type ProgrammingLanguage = (typeof programmingLanguages)[number];
diff --git a/lib/modules/datasource/go/index.ts b/lib/modules/datasource/go/index.ts
index 4da9a69ae2..f3a3994070 100644
--- a/lib/modules/datasource/go/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/datasource/go/index.ts
@@ -20,6 +20,10 @@ export class GoDatasource extends Datasource {
     super(GoDatasource.id);
   }
 
+  override readonly defaultConfig = {
+    commitMessageTopic: 'module {{depName}}',
+  };
+
   override readonly customRegistrySupport = false;
 
   readonly goproxy = new GoProxyDatasource();
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/ansible-galaxy/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/ansible-galaxy/index.ts
index 426bef1ad2..5b468378b3 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/ansible-galaxy/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/ansible-galaxy/index.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { GalaxyCollectionDatasource } from '../../datasource/galaxy-collection';
 import { GitTagsDatasource } from '../../datasource/git-tags';
 import { GithubTagsDatasource } from '../../datasource/github-tags';
 
 export { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['ansible', 'iac'];
+
 export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: ['(^|/)requirements\\.ya?ml$', '(^|/)galaxy\\.ya?ml$'],
 };
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/ansible/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/ansible/index.ts
index c81d5468ca..ca199ab883 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/ansible/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/ansible/index.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-import type { ProgrammingLanguage } from '../../../constants';
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { DockerDatasource } from '../../datasource/docker';
 export { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 
-export const language: ProgrammingLanguage = 'docker';
+export const categories: Category[] = ['ansible', 'iac'];
 
 export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: ['(^|/)tasks/[^/]+\\.ya?ml$'],
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/argocd/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/argocd/index.ts
index 01a8942ad1..a31a19c0dd 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/argocd/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/argocd/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { DockerDatasource } from '../../datasource/docker';
 import { GitTagsDatasource } from '../../datasource/git-tags';
 import { HelmDatasource } from '../../datasource/helm';
@@ -11,6 +12,8 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: [],
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['kubernetes', 'cd'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [
   DockerDatasource.id,
   GitTagsDatasource.id,
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/azure-pipelines/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/azure-pipelines/index.ts
index 8ceb6c3281..6dffe661f2 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/azure-pipelines/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/azure-pipelines/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { AzurePipelinesTasksDatasource } from '../../datasource/azure-pipelines-tasks';
 import { GitTagsDatasource } from '../../datasource/git-tags';
 export { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
@@ -7,6 +8,8 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   enabled: false,
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['ci'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [
   AzurePipelinesTasksDatasource.id,
   GitTagsDatasource.id,
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/batect-wrapper/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/batect-wrapper/index.ts
index 80732b481d..f5ec385358 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/batect-wrapper/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/batect-wrapper/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { GithubReleasesDatasource } from '../../datasource/github-releases';
 import { id as versioning } from '../../versioning/semver';
 
@@ -9,4 +10,6 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   versioning,
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['batect'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [GithubReleasesDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/batect/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/batect/index.ts
index 466b348d0c..b08728a980 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/batect/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/batect/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { GitTagsDatasource } from '../../datasource/git-tags';
 import { extractAllPackageFiles, extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 
@@ -7,4 +8,6 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: ['(^|/)batect(-bundle)?\\.ya?ml$'],
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['batect'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [GitTagsDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/bazel/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/bazel/index.ts
index 3ff48cfeab..77b156c93b 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/bazel/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/bazel/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { DockerDatasource } from '../../datasource/docker';
 import { GithubReleasesDatasource } from '../../datasource/github-releases';
 import { GithubTagsDatasource } from '../../datasource/github-tags';
@@ -11,6 +12,8 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: ['(^|/)WORKSPACE(|\\.bazel)$', '\\.bzl$'],
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['bazel'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [
   DockerDatasource.id,
   GithubReleasesDatasource.id,
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/bazelisk/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/bazelisk/index.ts
index 350125b3b3..cf40a76e5b 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/bazelisk/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/bazelisk/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { GithubReleasesDatasource } from '../../datasource/github-releases';
 
 export { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
@@ -7,4 +8,6 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   pinDigests: false,
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['bazel'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [GithubReleasesDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/bitbucket-pipelines/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/bitbucket-pipelines/index.ts
index 86d39fd3e9..3d40503ce9 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/bitbucket-pipelines/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/bitbucket-pipelines/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { DockerDatasource } from '../../datasource/docker';
 import { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 
@@ -7,6 +8,8 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: ['(^|/)\\.?bitbucket-pipelines\\.ya?ml$'],
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['ci'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [DockerDatasource.id];
 
 export const urls = [
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/buildkite/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/buildkite/index.ts
index d50a6e18b8..1a2d2d784d 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/buildkite/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/buildkite/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { GithubTagsDatasource } from '../../datasource/github-tags';
 import { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 
@@ -10,4 +11,6 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
     'to {{#if isMajor}}{{{prettyNewMajor}}}{{else}}{{{newValue}}}{{/if}}',
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['ci'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [GithubTagsDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/bundler/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/bundler/index.ts
index aeaba3cec1..722343267b 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/bundler/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/bundler/index.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { ProgrammingLanguage } from '../../../constants';
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { RubyVersionDatasource } from '../../datasource/ruby-version';
 import { RubyGemsDatasource } from '../../datasource/rubygems';
 import * as rubyVersioning from '../../versioning/ruby';
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ import { updateArtifacts } from './artifacts';
 import { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 import { updateLockedDependency } from './update-locked';
 
-export const language: ProgrammingLanguage = 'ruby';
 export const supportsLockFileMaintenance = true;
 
 /*
@@ -25,6 +24,8 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   versioning: rubyVersioning.id,
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['ruby'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [
   RubyGemsDatasource.id,
   RubyVersionDatasource.id,
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/cake/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/cake/index.ts
index 15de141e35..2687374f93 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/cake/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/cake/index.ts
@@ -1,15 +1,15 @@
 import moo from 'moo';
-import type { ProgrammingLanguage } from '../../../constants';
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { regEx } from '../../../util/regex';
 import { NugetDatasource } from '../../datasource/nuget';
 import type { PackageDependency, PackageFileContent } from '../types';
 
-export const language: ProgrammingLanguage = 'dotnet';
-
 export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: ['\\.cake$'],
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['dotnet'];
+
 const lexer = moo.states({
   main: {
     lineComment: { match: /\/\/.*?$/ }, // TODO #12870
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/cargo/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/cargo/index.ts
index 45ee9c4fad..e529bd2bed 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/cargo/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/cargo/index.ts
@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
-import type { ProgrammingLanguage } from '../../../constants';
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { CrateDatasource } from '../../datasource/crate';
 import * as cargoVersioning from '../../versioning/cargo';
 import { updateArtifacts } from './artifacts';
 import { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 export { getRangeStrategy } from './range';
 
-export const language: ProgrammingLanguage = 'rust';
 export const supportsLockFileMaintenance = true;
 
 export { extractPackageFile, updateArtifacts };
@@ -16,4 +15,6 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   versioning: cargoVersioning.id,
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['rust'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [CrateDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/cdnurl/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/cdnurl/index.ts
index 5480906fbf..574dc5cc1b 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/cdnurl/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/cdnurl/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { CdnJsDatasource } from '../../datasource/cdnjs';
 import * as semverVersioning from '../../versioning/semver';
 import { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
@@ -9,4 +10,6 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   versioning: semverVersioning.id,
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['cd'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [CdnJsDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/circleci/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/circleci/index.ts
index 02ef7c70ae..3c2fb9b053 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/circleci/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/circleci/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { DockerDatasource } from '../../datasource/docker';
 import { OrbDatasource } from '../../datasource/orb';
 import { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
@@ -12,4 +13,6 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: ['(^|/)\\.circleci/config\\.ya?ml$'],
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['ci'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [DockerDatasource.id, OrbDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/cloudbuild/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/cloudbuild/index.ts
index 979535276c..20b9917a5a 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/cloudbuild/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/cloudbuild/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { DockerDatasource } from '../../datasource/docker';
 import { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 
@@ -7,4 +8,6 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: ['(^|/)cloudbuild\\.ya?ml'],
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['ci'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [DockerDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/cocoapods/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/cocoapods/index.ts
index 93783b6c60..a83053af0d 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/cocoapods/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/cocoapods/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { GitTagsDatasource } from '../../datasource/git-tags';
 import { GithubTagsDatasource } from '../../datasource/github-tags';
 import { GitlabTagsDatasource } from '../../datasource/gitlab-tags';
@@ -15,6 +16,8 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   versioning: rubyVersioning.id,
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['swift'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [
   GitTagsDatasource.id,
   GithubTagsDatasource.id,
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/composer/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/composer/index.ts
index 54289b8976..9561047cc2 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/composer/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/composer/index.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { ProgrammingLanguage } from '../../../constants';
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { GitTagsDatasource } from '../../datasource/git-tags';
 import { PackagistDatasource } from '../../datasource/packagist';
 import { updateArtifacts } from './artifacts';
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ import { getRangeStrategy } from './range';
 import { updateLockedDependency } from './update-locked';
 import { composerVersioningId } from './utils';
 
-export const language: ProgrammingLanguage = 'php';
 export const supportsLockFileMaintenance = true;
 
 export {
@@ -22,6 +21,8 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   versioning: composerVersioningId,
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['php'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [
   GitTagsDatasource.id,
   PackagistDatasource.id,
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/conan/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/conan/index.ts
index 3dc5571ded..79ea563544 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/conan/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/conan/index.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 export { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 export { getRangeStrategy } from './range';
 import { ConanDatasource } from '../../datasource/conan';
 import * as conan from '../../versioning/conan';
@@ -10,4 +11,6 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   enabled: false, // See https://github.com/renovatebot/renovate/issues/14170
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['c'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [ConanDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/deps-edn/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/deps-edn/index.ts
index 56aec50fd5..d9c58b1e6e 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/deps-edn/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/deps-edn/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { ClojureDatasource } from '../../datasource/clojure';
 import * as mavenVersioning from '../../versioning/maven';
 import { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
@@ -9,4 +10,6 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   versioning: mavenVersioning.id,
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['java'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [ClojureDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/docker-compose/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/docker-compose/index.ts
index 69d28ba6a3..925c71d8b2 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/docker-compose/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/docker-compose/index.ts
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-import type { ProgrammingLanguage } from '../../../constants';
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { DockerDatasource } from '../../datasource/docker';
 import { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 
-export const language: ProgrammingLanguage = 'docker';
-
 export { extractPackageFile };
 
 export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: ['(^|/)(?:docker-)?compose[^/]*\\.ya?ml$'],
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['docker'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [DockerDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/dockerfile/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/dockerfile/index.ts
index febfd35a2a..1e68c3ead0 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/dockerfile/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/dockerfile/index.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
-import type { ProgrammingLanguage } from '../../../constants';
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { DockerDatasource } from '../../datasource/docker';
 import { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 
-export const language: ProgrammingLanguage = 'docker';
-
 export { extractPackageFile };
 
 export const defaultConfig = {
@@ -13,4 +11,6 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   ],
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['docker'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [DockerDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/droneci/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/droneci/index.ts
index d7e7fa405c..fa08c4599e 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/droneci/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/droneci/index.ts
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-import type { ProgrammingLanguage } from '../../../constants';
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { DockerDatasource } from '../../datasource/docker';
 import { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 
-export const language: ProgrammingLanguage = 'docker';
-
 export { extractPackageFile };
 
 export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: ['(^|/)\\.drone\\.yml$'],
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['ci'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [DockerDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/fleet/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/fleet/index.ts
index c864589db2..e6368fc46d 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/fleet/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/fleet/index.ts
@@ -1,10 +1,15 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { GitTagsDatasource } from '../../datasource/git-tags';
 import { HelmDatasource } from '../../datasource/helm';
 
 export { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 
+export const displayName = 'Rancher Fleet';
+
 export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: ['(^|/)fleet\\.ya?ml'],
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['cd', 'kubernetes'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [GitTagsDatasource.id, HelmDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/flux/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/flux/index.ts
index 58d21b8673..b693db339e 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/flux/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/flux/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { BitbucketTagsDatasource } from '../../datasource/bitbucket-tags';
 import { DockerDatasource } from '../../datasource/docker';
 import { GitRefsDatasource } from '../../datasource/git-refs';
@@ -15,6 +16,8 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: [systemManifestRegex],
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['cd', 'kubernetes'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [
   GithubReleasesDatasource.id,
   GitRefsDatasource.id,
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/github-actions/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/github-actions/index.ts
index c2d7ad80bb..254cc35903 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/github-actions/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/github-actions/index.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { GithubTagsDatasource } from '../../datasource/github-tags';
-
 export { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 
 export const defaultConfig = {
@@ -9,4 +9,6 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   ],
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['ci'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [GithubTagsDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/gitlabci-include/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/gitlabci-include/index.ts
index f7ecdd5110..77d8f5fa5c 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/gitlabci-include/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/gitlabci-include/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { GitlabTagsDatasource } from '../../datasource/gitlab-tags';
 import { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 
@@ -7,4 +8,6 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: ['\\.gitlab-ci\\.ya?ml$'],
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['ci'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [GitlabTagsDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/gitlabci/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/gitlabci/index.ts
index 3e74df89d6..71946b1b4a 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/gitlabci/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/gitlabci/index.ts
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-import type { ProgrammingLanguage } from '../../../constants';
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { DockerDatasource } from '../../datasource/docker';
 import { extractAllPackageFiles, extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 
-export const language: ProgrammingLanguage = 'docker';
-
 export { extractAllPackageFiles, extractPackageFile };
 
 export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: ['\\.gitlab-ci\\.ya?ml$'],
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['ci'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [DockerDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/gomod/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/gomod/index.ts
index 8736edae9b..c807338a89 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/gomod/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/gomod/index.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { ProgrammingLanguage } from '../../../constants';
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { GoDatasource } from '../../datasource/go';
 import { GolangVersionDatasource } from '../../datasource/golang-version';
 import { updateArtifacts } from './artifacts';
@@ -10,13 +10,13 @@ export { extractPackageFile, updateDependency, updateArtifacts };
 export const displayName = 'Go Modules';
 export const url = 'https://go.dev/ref/mod';
 
-export const language: ProgrammingLanguage = 'golang';
-
 export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: ['(^|/)go\\.mod$'],
   pinDigests: false,
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['golang'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [
   GoDatasource.id,
   GolangVersionDatasource.id,
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/gradle-wrapper/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/gradle-wrapper/index.ts
index 76fae92837..1aa27107aa 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/gradle-wrapper/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/gradle-wrapper/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { GradleVersionDatasource } from '../../datasource/gradle-version';
 import { id as versioning } from '../../versioning/gradle';
 
@@ -9,4 +10,6 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   versioning,
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['java'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [GradleVersionDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/gradle/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/gradle/index.ts
index 82419fa6f8..7723ce27f1 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/gradle/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/gradle/index.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { ProgrammingLanguage } from '../../../constants';
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { MavenDatasource } from '../../datasource/maven';
 import * as gradleVersioning from '../../versioning/gradle';
 
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ export { extractAllPackageFiles } from './extract';
 export { updateDependency } from './update';
 export { updateArtifacts } from './artifacts';
 
-export const language: ProgrammingLanguage = 'java';
 export const supportsLockFileMaintenance = true;
 
 export const defaultConfig = {
@@ -24,4 +23,6 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   versioning: gradleVersioning.id,
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['java'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [MavenDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/helm-requirements/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/helm-requirements/index.ts
index 7c4a02772d..84752392a4 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/helm-requirements/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/helm-requirements/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { HelmDatasource } from '../../datasource/helm';
 export { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 
@@ -9,4 +10,6 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: ['(^|/)requirements\\.ya?ml$'],
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['helm', 'kubernetes'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [HelmDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/helm-values/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/helm-values/index.ts
index a9ef8d5353..6d96f591c1 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/helm-values/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/helm-values/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { DockerDatasource } from '../../datasource/docker';
 export { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 
@@ -7,4 +8,6 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   pinDigests: false,
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['helm', 'kubernetes'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [DockerDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/helmfile/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/helmfile/index.ts
index 0c17191ac5..c491b44f9c 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/helmfile/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/helmfile/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { DockerDatasource } from '../../datasource/docker';
 import { HelmDatasource } from '../../datasource/helm';
 export { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
@@ -13,4 +14,6 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: ['(^|/)helmfile\\.ya?ml$'],
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['cd', 'helm', 'kubernetes'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [HelmDatasource.id, DockerDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/helmsman/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/helmsman/index.ts
index 9f0cf9c133..6a6b47e823 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/helmsman/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/helmsman/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { HelmDatasource } from '../../datasource/helm';
 export { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 
@@ -5,4 +6,6 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: [],
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['cd', 'helm', 'kubernetes'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [HelmDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/helmv3/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/helmv3/index.ts
index a84cbb47b4..30d8b5e17f 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/helmv3/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/helmv3/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { DockerDatasource } from '../../datasource/docker';
 import { HelmDatasource } from '../../datasource/helm';
 export { updateArtifacts } from './artifacts';
@@ -14,4 +15,6 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: ['(^|/)Chart\\.ya?ml$'],
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['helm', 'kubernetes'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [DockerDatasource.id, HelmDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/html/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/html/index.ts
index c196d4af86..ad6e2a7253 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/html/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/html/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { CdnJsDatasource } from '../../datasource/cdnjs';
 import * as semverVersioning from '../../versioning/semver';
 import { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
@@ -13,4 +14,6 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   pinDigests: false,
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['cd'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [CdnJsDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/index.spec.ts b/lib/modules/manager/index.spec.ts
index 720a49b0e7..b60cebaae9 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/index.spec.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/index.spec.ts
@@ -31,12 +31,6 @@ describe('modules/manager/index', () => {
     });
   });
 
-  describe('getLanguageList()', () => {
-    it('gets', () => {
-      expect(manager.getLanguageList()).not.toBeNull();
-    });
-  });
-
   describe('getManagerList()', () => {
     it('gets', () => {
       expect(manager.getManagerList()).not.toBeNull();
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/index.ts
index 26befb170e..3d35007dc9 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/index.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-import { programmingLanguages } from '../../constants';
 import type { RangeStrategy } from '../../types';
 import managers from './api';
 import type {
@@ -13,15 +12,12 @@ import type {
 export { hashMap } from './fingerprint.generated';
 const managerList = Array.from(managers.keys());
 
-const languageList = programmingLanguages.concat();
-
 export function get<T extends keyof ManagerApi>(
   manager: string,
   name: T
 ): ManagerApi[T] | undefined {
   return managers.get(manager)?.[name];
 }
-export const getLanguageList = (): string[] => languageList;
 export const getManagerList = (): string[] => managerList;
 export const getManagers = (): Map<string, ManagerApi> => managers;
 
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/jenkins/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/jenkins/index.ts
index afe5c64994..e5b0293a1c 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/jenkins/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/jenkins/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { JenkinsPluginsDatasource } from '../../datasource/jenkins-plugins';
 export { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 
@@ -5,4 +6,6 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: ['(^|/)plugins\\.(txt|ya?ml)$'],
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['ci'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [JenkinsPluginsDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/jsonnet-bundler/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/jsonnet-bundler/index.ts
index fec3158e0d..4afada49d8 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/jsonnet-bundler/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/jsonnet-bundler/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { GitTagsDatasource } from '../../datasource/git-tags';
 export { updateArtifacts } from './artifacts';
 export { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
@@ -9,4 +10,6 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   datasource: GitTagsDatasource.id,
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['kubernetes'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [GitTagsDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/kotlin-script/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/kotlin-script/index.ts
index dbded231b6..ed2c56080c 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/kotlin-script/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/kotlin-script/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { MavenDatasource } from '../../datasource/maven';
 
 export { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
@@ -6,4 +7,6 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: ['^.+\\.main\\.kts$'],
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['java'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [MavenDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/kubernetes/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/kubernetes/index.ts
index 1ab2c8dc6d..fb62f3e611 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/kubernetes/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/kubernetes/index.ts
@@ -1,15 +1,15 @@
-import type { ProgrammingLanguage } from '../../../constants';
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { DockerDatasource } from '../../datasource/docker';
 import { KubernetesApiDatasource } from '../../datasource/kubernetes-api';
 
 export { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 
-export const language: ProgrammingLanguage = 'docker';
-
 export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: [],
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['kubernetes'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [
   DockerDatasource.id,
   KubernetesApiDatasource.id,
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/kustomize/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/kustomize/index.ts
index 9ec98a09ba..57b287b5da 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/kustomize/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/kustomize/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { DockerDatasource } from '../../datasource/docker';
 import { GitTagsDatasource } from '../../datasource/git-tags';
 import { GithubTagsDatasource } from '../../datasource/github-tags';
@@ -9,6 +10,8 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   pinDigests: false,
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['kubernetes'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [
   DockerDatasource.id,
   GitTagsDatasource.id,
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/leiningen/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/leiningen/index.ts
index 831fa32857..701776c0c2 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/leiningen/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/leiningen/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { ClojureDatasource } from '../../datasource/clojure';
 import * as mavenVersioning from '../../versioning/maven';
 
@@ -8,4 +9,6 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   versioning: mavenVersioning.id,
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['java'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [ClojureDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/maven/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/maven/index.ts
index b6feaa85f9..8d12ca432b 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/maven/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/maven/index.ts
@@ -1,15 +1,15 @@
-import type { ProgrammingLanguage } from '../../../constants';
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { MavenDatasource } from '../../datasource/maven';
 import * as mavenVersioning from '../../versioning/maven';
 
 export { extractAllPackageFiles } from './extract';
 export { bumpPackageVersion, updateDependency } from './update';
 
-export const language: ProgrammingLanguage = 'java';
-
 export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: ['(^|/|\\.)pom\\.xml$', '^(((\\.mvn)|(\\.m2))/)?settings\\.xml$'],
   versioning: mavenVersioning.id,
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['java'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [MavenDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/meteor/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/meteor/index.ts
index a1826cc334..4c2ddbbbec 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/meteor/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/meteor/index.ts
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
-import type { ProgrammingLanguage } from '../../../constants';
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { NpmDatasource } from '../../datasource/npm';
 
 export { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 
-export const language: ProgrammingLanguage = 'js';
-
 export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: ['(^|/)package\\.js$'],
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['js'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [NpmDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/mint/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/mint/index.ts
index fffd5aadb1..2301dbd9a0 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/mint/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/mint/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { GitTagsDatasource } from '../../datasource/git-tags';
 
 export const displayName = 'Mint';
@@ -5,6 +6,8 @@ export const url = 'https://github.com/yonaskolb/Mint';
 
 export { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['swift'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [GitTagsDatasource.id];
 
 export const defaultConfig = {
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/mix/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/mix/index.ts
index f48c01ae25..99712934c9 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/mix/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/mix/index.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { ProgrammingLanguage } from '../../../constants';
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { GitTagsDatasource } from '../../datasource/git-tags';
 import { GithubTagsDatasource } from '../../datasource/github-tags';
 import { HexDatasource } from '../../datasource/hex';
@@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ import * as hexVersioning from '../../versioning/hex';
 export { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 export { updateArtifacts } from './artifacts';
 
-export const language: ProgrammingLanguage = 'elixir';
-
 export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: ['(^|/)mix\\.exs$'],
   versioning: hexVersioning.id,
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['elixir'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [
   GithubTagsDatasource.id,
   GitTagsDatasource.id,
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/nodenv/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/nodenv/index.ts
index 093d18e922..7343b6aced 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/nodenv/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/nodenv/index.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { ProgrammingLanguage } from '../../../constants';
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { GithubTagsDatasource } from '../../datasource/github-tags';
 import * as nodeVersioning from '../../versioning/node';
 
@@ -7,11 +7,11 @@ export { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 export const displayName = 'nodenv';
 export const url = 'https://github.com/nodenv/nodenv';
 
-export const language: ProgrammingLanguage = 'node';
-
 export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: ['(^|/)\\.node-version$'],
   versioning: nodeVersioning.id,
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['js', 'node'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [GithubTagsDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/npm/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/npm/index.ts
index 9d309bd8a2..26b11772e3 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/npm/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/npm/index.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { ProgrammingLanguage } from '../../../constants';
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { GithubTagsDatasource } from '../../datasource/github-tags';
 import { NpmDatasource } from '../../datasource/npm';
 import * as npmVersioning from '../../versioning/npm';
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ export {
 } from './update';
 export { getRangeStrategy } from './range';
 
-export const language: ProgrammingLanguage = 'js';
 export const supportsLockFileMaintenance = true;
 
 export const defaultConfig = {
@@ -30,4 +29,6 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   },
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['js'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [GithubTagsDatasource.id, NpmDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/nuget/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/nuget/index.ts
index c34ca3a67d..88e1ccdc01 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/nuget/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/nuget/index.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { ProgrammingLanguage } from '../../../constants';
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { DotnetVersionDatasource } from '../../datasource/dotnet-version';
 import { NugetDatasource } from '../../datasource/nuget';
 
@@ -6,8 +6,6 @@ export { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 export { updateArtifacts } from './artifacts';
 export { bumpPackageVersion } from './update';
 
-export const language: ProgrammingLanguage = 'dotnet';
-
 export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: [
     '\\.(?:cs|fs|vb)proj$',
@@ -17,6 +15,8 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   ],
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['dotnet'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [
   DotnetVersionDatasource.id,
   NugetDatasource.id,
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/nvm/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/nvm/index.ts
index 0c9001f40c..0354ac17c1 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/nvm/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/nvm/index.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { ProgrammingLanguage } from '../../../constants';
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { GithubTagsDatasource } from '../../datasource/github-tags';
 import * as nodeVersioning from '../../versioning/node';
 
@@ -7,12 +7,12 @@ export { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 export const displayName = 'nvm';
 export const url = 'https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm';
 
-export const language: ProgrammingLanguage = 'node';
-
 export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: ['(^|/)\\.nvmrc$'],
   versioning: nodeVersioning.id,
   pinDigests: false,
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['js', 'node'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [GithubTagsDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/osgi/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/osgi/index.ts
index 3fc0a553f3..01c8aaba95 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/osgi/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/osgi/index.ts
@@ -1,10 +1,7 @@
-import type { ProgrammingLanguage } from '../../../constants';
 import { MavenDatasource } from '../../datasource/maven';
 
 export { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 
-export const language: ProgrammingLanguage = 'java';
-
 export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: ['(^|/)src/main/features/.+\\.json$'],
 };
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/pip-compile/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/pip-compile/index.ts
index fdde176cb5..dac650f2bc 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/pip-compile/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/pip-compile/index.ts
@@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
-import type { ProgrammingLanguage } from '../../../constants';
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { PypiDatasource } from '../../datasource/pypi';
 
 export { extractPackageFile } from '../pip_requirements/extract';
 export { updateArtifacts } from './artifacts';
 
-export const language: ProgrammingLanguage = 'python';
 export const supportsLockFileMaintenance = true;
 
 export const supportedDatasources = [PypiDatasource.id];
@@ -17,3 +16,5 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
     commitMessageAction: 'Refresh pip-compile outputs',
   },
 };
+
+export const categories: Category[] = ['python'];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/pip_requirements/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/pip_requirements/index.ts
index 6140bdd15f..537d4a510f 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/pip_requirements/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/pip_requirements/index.ts
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
-import type { ProgrammingLanguage } from '../../../constants';
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { GitTagsDatasource } from '../../datasource/git-tags';
 import { PypiDatasource } from '../../datasource/pypi';
 
 export { updateArtifacts } from './artifacts';
 export { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 
-export const language: ProgrammingLanguage = 'python';
-
 export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: ['(^|/)[\\w-]*requirements(-\\w+)?\\.(txt|pip)$'],
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['python'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [PypiDatasource.id, GitTagsDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/pip_setup/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/pip_setup/index.ts
index 0e3a926f9c..e71fb6f9d2 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/pip_setup/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/pip_setup/index.ts
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
-import type { ProgrammingLanguage } from '../../../constants';
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { PypiDatasource } from '../../datasource/pypi';
 
 export { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 
-export const language: ProgrammingLanguage = 'python';
-
 export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: ['(^|/)setup\\.py$'],
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['python'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [PypiDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/pipenv/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/pipenv/index.ts
index 857579477d..3635d76857 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/pipenv/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/pipenv/index.ts
@@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
-import type { ProgrammingLanguage } from '../../../constants';
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { PypiDatasource } from '../../datasource/pypi';
 
 export { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 export { updateArtifacts } from './artifacts';
 
-export const language: ProgrammingLanguage = 'python';
 export const supportsLockFileMaintenance = true;
 
 export const supportedDatasources = [PypiDatasource.id];
@@ -12,3 +11,5 @@ export const supportedDatasources = [PypiDatasource.id];
 export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: ['(^|/)Pipfile$'],
 };
+
+export const categories: Category[] = ['python'];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/poetry/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/poetry/index.ts
index 3655fea38a..1ad1b19128 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/poetry/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/poetry/index.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { ProgrammingLanguage } from '../../../constants';
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { GithubTagsDatasource } from '../../datasource/github-tags';
 import { PypiDatasource } from '../../datasource/pypi';
 
@@ -11,9 +11,10 @@ export const supportedDatasources = [
   GithubTagsDatasource.id,
 ];
 
-export const language: ProgrammingLanguage = 'python';
 export const supportsLockFileMaintenance = true;
 
 export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: ['(^|/)pyproject\\.toml$'],
 };
+
+export const categories: Category[] = ['python'];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/pub/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/pub/index.ts
index 898e82a42a..dd4c435815 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/pub/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/pub/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { DartDatasource } from '../../datasource/dart';
 import * as npmVersioning from '../../versioning/npm';
 
@@ -11,3 +12,5 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: ['(^|/)pubspec\\.ya?ml$'],
   versioning: npmVersioning.id,
 };
+
+export const categories: Category[] = ['dart'];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/puppet/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/puppet/index.ts
index 2b0735bb4c..f88158741b 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/puppet/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/puppet/index.ts
@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
-import type { ProgrammingLanguage } from '../../../constants';
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { GitTagsDatasource } from '../../datasource/git-tags';
 import { GithubTagsDatasource } from '../../datasource/github-tags';
 import { PuppetForgeDatasource } from '../../datasource/puppet-forge';
 
 export { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 
-export const language: ProgrammingLanguage = 'ruby';
-
 export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: ['(^|/)Puppetfile$'],
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['iac', 'ruby'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [
   PuppetForgeDatasource.id,
   GithubTagsDatasource.id,
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/pyenv/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/pyenv/index.ts
index 59d75f11cd..12b668b638 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/pyenv/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/pyenv/index.ts
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
-import type { ProgrammingLanguage } from '../../../constants';
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { DockerDatasource } from '../../datasource/docker';
 import * as dockerVersioning from '../../versioning/docker';
 
 export { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 
-export const language: ProgrammingLanguage = 'python';
-
 export const supportedDatasources = [DockerDatasource.id];
 
 export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: ['(^|/)\\.python-version$'],
   versioning: dockerVersioning.id,
 };
+
+export const categories: Category[] = ['python'];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/ruby-version/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/ruby-version/index.ts
index 68eaee26ae..ad8aabd5db 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/ruby-version/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/ruby-version/index.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { ProgrammingLanguage } from '../../../constants';
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { RubyVersionDatasource } from '../../datasource/ruby-version';
 import * as rubyVersioning from '../../versioning/ruby';
 
@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ export { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 
 export const supportedDatasources = [RubyVersionDatasource.id];
 
-export const language: ProgrammingLanguage = 'ruby';
-
 export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: ['(^|/)\\.ruby-version$'],
   versioning: rubyVersioning.id,
 };
+
+export const categories: Category[] = ['ruby'];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/sbt/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/sbt/index.ts
index 111c1e52e5..6465410fd6 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/sbt/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/sbt/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { GithubReleasesDatasource } from '../../datasource/github-releases';
 import { MavenDatasource } from '../../datasource/maven';
 import { SbtPackageDatasource } from '../../datasource/sbt-package';
@@ -22,3 +23,5 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   ],
   versioning: ivyVersioning.id,
 };
+
+export const categories: Category[] = ['java'];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/setup-cfg/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/setup-cfg/index.ts
index c8b40c2a0c..b8c603b797 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/setup-cfg/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/setup-cfg/index.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { ProgrammingLanguage } from '../../../constants';
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { PypiDatasource } from '../../datasource/pypi';
 import { id as versioning } from '../../versioning/pep440';
 
@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ export { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 
 export const supportedDatasources = [PypiDatasource.id];
 
-export const language: ProgrammingLanguage = 'python';
-
 export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: ['(^|/)setup\\.cfg$'],
   versioning,
 };
+
+export const categories: Category[] = ['python'];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/swift/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/swift/index.ts
index bbb83400ec..dbabb94604 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/swift/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/swift/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { GitTagsDatasource } from '../../datasource/git-tags';
 import * as swiftVersioning from '../../versioning/swift';
 
@@ -14,3 +15,5 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   versioning: swiftVersioning.id,
   pinDigests: false,
 };
+
+export const categories: Category[] = ['swift'];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/tekton/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/tekton/index.ts
index d68cf8e070..a578c6f006 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/tekton/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/tekton/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { DockerDatasource } from '../../datasource/docker';
 import { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 
@@ -5,6 +6,8 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: [],
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['ci', 'cd'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [DockerDatasource.id];
 
 export { extractPackageFile };
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/terraform-version/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/terraform-version/index.ts
index 0f753ba3af..bd91323f4b 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/terraform-version/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/terraform-version/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { GithubReleasesDatasource } from '../../datasource/github-releases';
 import * as hashicorpVersioning from '../../versioning/hashicorp';
 
@@ -10,3 +11,5 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   versioning: hashicorpVersioning.id,
   extractVersion: '^v(?<version>.*)$',
 };
+
+export const categories: Category[] = ['terraform'];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/terraform/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/terraform/index.ts
index d429e78190..1e67fe9d78 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/terraform/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/terraform/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { BitbucketTagsDatasource } from '../../datasource/bitbucket-tags';
 import { DockerDatasource } from '../../datasource/docker';
 import { GitTagsDatasource } from '../../datasource/git-tags';
@@ -28,3 +29,5 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: ['\\.tf$'],
   pinDigests: false,
 };
+
+export const categories: Category[] = ['iac', 'terraform'];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/terragrunt-version/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/terragrunt-version/index.ts
index a1286d9721..2e5225ea0b 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/terragrunt-version/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/terragrunt-version/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { GithubReleasesDatasource } from '../../datasource/github-releases';
 import * as hashicorpVersioning from '../../versioning/hashicorp';
 
@@ -10,3 +11,5 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   versioning: hashicorpVersioning.id,
   extractVersion: '^v(?<version>.+)$',
 };
+
+export const categories: Category[] = ['terraform'];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/terragrunt/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/terragrunt/index.ts
index 39d6faf56e..58864cf7f5 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/terragrunt/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/terragrunt/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { GitTagsDatasource } from '../../datasource/git-tags';
 import { GithubTagsDatasource } from '../../datasource/github-tags';
 import { TerraformModuleDatasource } from '../../datasource/terraform-module';
@@ -16,3 +17,5 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   commitMessageTopic: 'Terragrunt dependency {{depName}}',
   fileMatch: ['(^|/)terragrunt\\.hcl$'],
 };
+
+export const categories: Category[] = ['iac', 'terraform'];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/tflint-plugin/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/tflint-plugin/index.ts
index 2c17316cf3..893fb9adab 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/tflint-plugin/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/tflint-plugin/index.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { GithubReleasesDatasource } from '../../datasource/github-releases';
 
 export { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['terraform'];
+
 // Only from GitHub Releases: https://github.com/terraform-linters/tflint/blob/master/docs/developer-guide/plugins.md#4-creating-a-github-release
 export const supportedDatasources = [GithubReleasesDatasource.id];
 
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/travis/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/travis/index.ts
index 4bf39140df..048cc096f2 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/travis/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/travis/index.ts
@@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
-import type { ProgrammingLanguage } from '../../../constants';
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { GithubTagsDatasource } from '../../datasource/github-tags';
 import * as nodeVersioning from '../../versioning/node';
 
 export { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 
-export const language: ProgrammingLanguage = 'node';
-
 export const supportedDatasources = [GithubTagsDatasource.id];
 
 export const defaultConfig = {
@@ -15,3 +13,5 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
   },
   versioning: nodeVersioning.id,
 };
+
+export const categories: Category[] = ['ci'];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/types.ts b/lib/modules/manager/types.ts
index 311288b6bf..de83d46ec6 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/types.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/types.ts
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import type {
   UpdateType,
   ValidationMessage,
 } from '../../config/types';
-import type { ProgrammingLanguage } from '../../constants';
+import type { Category } from '../../constants';
 import type { ModuleApi, RangeStrategy, SkipReason } from '../../types';
 import type { FileChange } from '../../util/git/types';
 import type { MergeConfidence } from '../../util/merge-confidence/types';
@@ -229,7 +229,8 @@ export interface GlobalManagerConfig {
 
 export interface ManagerApi extends ModuleApi {
   defaultConfig: Record<string, unknown>;
-  language?: ProgrammingLanguage;
+
+  categories?: Category[];
   supportsLockFileMaintenance?: boolean;
 
   supportedDatasources: string[];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/velaci/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/velaci/index.ts
index 4b81226c2e..cc469f0d81 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/velaci/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/velaci/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { DockerDatasource } from '../../datasource/docker';
 
 export { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
@@ -10,3 +11,5 @@ export const defaultConfig = {
 };
 
 export const supportedDatasources = [DockerDatasource.id];
+
+export const categories: Category[] = ['ci'];
diff --git a/lib/modules/manager/woodpecker/index.ts b/lib/modules/manager/woodpecker/index.ts
index 07a0c38a5c..67d4f616c4 100644
--- a/lib/modules/manager/woodpecker/index.ts
+++ b/lib/modules/manager/woodpecker/index.ts
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-import type { ProgrammingLanguage } from '../../../constants';
+import type { Category } from '../../../constants';
 import { DockerDatasource } from '../../datasource/docker';
 import { extractPackageFile } from './extract';
 
-export const language: ProgrammingLanguage = 'docker';
-
 export { extractPackageFile };
 
 export const defaultConfig = {
   fileMatch: ['^\\.woodpecker(?:/[^/]+)?\\.ya?ml$'],
 };
 
+export const categories: Category[] = ['ci'];
+
 export const supportedDatasources = [DockerDatasource.id];
diff --git a/lib/util/package-rules/categories.ts b/lib/util/package-rules/categories.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5e53f60665
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/util/package-rules/categories.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+import is from '@sindresorhus/is';
+import type { PackageRule, PackageRuleInputConfig } from '../../config/types';
+import { Matcher } from './base';
+
+export class CategoriesMatcher extends Matcher {
+  override matches(
+    { categories }: PackageRuleInputConfig,
+    { matchCategories }: PackageRule
+  ): boolean | null {
+    if (is.nullOrUndefined(matchCategories)) {
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    if (is.nullOrUndefined(categories)) {
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    return matchCategories.some((value) => categories.includes(value));
+  }
+}
diff --git a/lib/util/package-rules/index.spec.ts b/lib/util/package-rules/index.spec.ts
index e34456503d..79f29d7815 100644
--- a/lib/util/package-rules/index.spec.ts
+++ b/lib/util/package-rules/index.spec.ts
@@ -297,7 +297,6 @@ describe('util/package-rules/index', () => {
     };
     const dep = {
       depType: 'dependencies',
-      language: 'js',
       manager: 'meteor',
       depName: 'node',
     };
@@ -318,6 +317,7 @@ describe('util/package-rules/index', () => {
     const dep = {
       depType: 'dependencies',
       language: 'python',
+      categories: ['python'],
       manager: 'pipenv',
       depName: 'node',
     };
@@ -325,11 +325,11 @@ describe('util/package-rules/index', () => {
     expect(res.x).toBeUndefined();
   });
 
-  it('filters languages with matching language', () => {
+  it('filters categories with matching category', () => {
     const config: TestConfig = {
       packageRules: [
         {
-          matchLanguages: ['js', 'node'],
+          matchCategories: ['node'],
           matchPackageNames: ['node'],
           x: 1,
         },
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ describe('util/package-rules/index', () => {
     };
     const dep = {
       depType: 'dependencies',
-      language: 'js',
+      categories: ['javascript', 'node'],
       manager: 'meteor',
       depName: 'node',
     };
@@ -345,11 +345,11 @@ describe('util/package-rules/index', () => {
     expect(res.x).toBe(1);
   });
 
-  it('filters languages with non-matching language', () => {
+  it('filters categories with non-matching category', () => {
     const config: TestConfig = {
       packageRules: [
         {
-          matchLanguages: ['docker'],
+          matchCategories: ['docker'],
           matchPackageNames: ['node'],
           x: 1,
         },
@@ -357,7 +357,25 @@ describe('util/package-rules/index', () => {
     };
     const dep = {
       depType: 'dependencies',
-      language: 'python',
+      categories: ['python'],
+      manager: 'pipenv',
+      depName: 'node',
+    };
+    const res = applyPackageRules({ ...config, ...dep });
+    expect(res.x).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+
+  it('filters categories with undefined category', () => {
+    const config: TestConfig = {
+      packageRules: [
+        {
+          matchCategories: ['docker'],
+          x: 1,
+        },
+      ],
+    };
+    const dep = {
+      depType: 'dependencies',
       manager: 'pipenv',
       depName: 'node',
     };
@@ -1069,7 +1087,7 @@ describe('util/package-rules/index', () => {
       packageRules: [
         {
           matchPackageNames: ['abc'],
-          matchLanguages: ['js'],
+          matchCategories: ['js'],
           x: 1,
         },
       ],
diff --git a/lib/util/package-rules/languages.ts b/lib/util/package-rules/languages.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 674963d881..0000000000
--- a/lib/util/package-rules/languages.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-import is from '@sindresorhus/is';
-import type { PackageRule, PackageRuleInputConfig } from '../../config/types';
-import { Matcher } from './base';
-
-export class LanguagesMatcher extends Matcher {
-  override matches(
-    { language }: PackageRuleInputConfig,
-    { matchLanguages }: PackageRule
-  ): boolean | null {
-    if (is.undefined(matchLanguages)) {
-      return null;
-    }
-    if (is.undefined(language)) {
-      return false;
-    }
-    return matchLanguages.includes(language);
-  }
-}
diff --git a/lib/util/package-rules/matchers.ts b/lib/util/package-rules/matchers.ts
index dd2672c777..a6966583e2 100644
--- a/lib/util/package-rules/matchers.ts
+++ b/lib/util/package-rules/matchers.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { BaseBranchesMatcher } from './base-branches';
+import { CategoriesMatcher } from './categories';
 import { CurrentValueMatcher } from './current-value';
 import { CurrentVersionMatcher } from './current-version';
 import { DatasourcesMatcher } from './datasources';
@@ -6,7 +7,6 @@ import { DepNameMatcher } from './dep-names';
 import { DepPatternsMatcher } from './dep-patterns';
 import { DepTypesMatcher } from './dep-types';
 import { FileNamesMatcher } from './files';
-import { LanguagesMatcher } from './languages';
 import { ManagersMatcher } from './managers';
 import { MergeConfidenceMatcher } from './merge-confidence';
 import { PackageNameMatcher } from './package-names';
@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ matchers.push([
 ]);
 matchers.push([new FileNamesMatcher()]);
 matchers.push([new DepTypesMatcher()]);
-matchers.push([new LanguagesMatcher()]);
 matchers.push([new BaseBranchesMatcher()]);
 matchers.push([new ManagersMatcher()]);
 matchers.push([new DatasourcesMatcher()]);
@@ -39,3 +38,4 @@ matchers.push([new MergeConfidenceMatcher()]);
 matchers.push([new SourceUrlsMatcher(), new SourceUrlPrefixesMatcher()]);
 matchers.push([new CurrentValueMatcher()]);
 matchers.push([new CurrentVersionMatcher()]);
+matchers.push([new CategoriesMatcher()]);
diff --git a/lib/workers/types.ts b/lib/workers/types.ts
index 1313fa3308..3df5bb8579 100644
--- a/lib/workers/types.ts
+++ b/lib/workers/types.ts
@@ -44,7 +44,6 @@ export interface BranchUpgradeConfig
   group?: GroupConfig;
   groupName?: string;
   groupSlug?: string;
-  language?: string;
   manager: string;
   packageFile?: string;
   lockFile?: string;
diff --git a/tools/docs/manager.ts b/tools/docs/manager.ts
index 03f089130f..236bfdafd2 100644
--- a/tools/docs/manager.ts
+++ b/tools/docs/manager.ts
@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ import {
   replaceContent,
 } from './utils';
 
+const noCategoryDisplayName = 'no-category';
+
 function getTitle(manager: string, displayName: string): string {
   if (manager === 'regex') {
     return `Custom Manager Support using Regex`;
@@ -26,19 +28,37 @@ export async function generateManagers(
 ): Promise<void> {
   const managers = getManagers();
 
-  const allLanguages: Record<string, string[]> = {};
+  const allCategories: Record<string, string[]> = {};
+
   for (const [manager, definition] of managers) {
-    const language = definition.language ?? 'other';
-    allLanguages[language] = allLanguages[language] || [];
-    allLanguages[language].push(manager);
     const { defaultConfig, supportedDatasources, urls } = definition;
     const { fileMatch } = defaultConfig as RenovateConfig;
     const displayName = getDisplayName(manager, definition);
+
+    const categories = definition.categories ?? [noCategoryDisplayName];
+    for (const category of categories) {
+      allCategories[category] ??= [];
+      allCategories[category].push(manager);
+    }
+
     let md = `---
 title: ${getTitle(manager, displayName)}
 sidebar_label: ${displayName}
 ---
 `;
+    md += '**Categories**: ';
+    if (categories.length) {
+      for (let i = 0; i < categories.length; i++) {
+        const category = categories[i];
+        if (i < categories.length - 1) {
+          md += `\`${category}\`, `;
+        } else {
+          md += `\`${category}\``;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    md += '\n\n';
+
     if (manager !== 'regex') {
       const nameWithUrl = getNameWithUrl(manager, definition);
       md += `Renovate supports updating ${nameWithUrl} dependencies.\n\n`;
@@ -96,19 +116,21 @@ sidebar_label: ${displayName}
 
     await updateFile(`${dist}/modules/manager/${manager}/index.md`, md);
   }
-  const languages = Object.keys(allLanguages).filter(
-    (language) => language !== 'other'
+
+  // add noCategoryDisplayName as last option
+  const categories = Object.keys(allCategories).filter(
+    (category) => category !== noCategoryDisplayName
   );
-  languages.sort();
-  languages.push('other');
-  let languageText = '\n';
+  categories.sort();
+  categories.push(noCategoryDisplayName);
+  let categoryText = '\n';
 
-  for (const language of languages) {
-    languageText += `**${language}**: `;
-    languageText += allLanguages[language].map(getManagerLink).join(', ');
-    languageText += '\n\n';
+  for (const category of categories) {
+    categoryText += `**${category}**: `;
+    categoryText += allCategories[category].map(getManagerLink).join(', ');
+    categoryText += '\n\n';
   }
   let indexContent = await readFile(`docs/usage/modules/manager/index.md`);
-  indexContent = replaceContent(indexContent, languageText);
+  indexContent = replaceContent(indexContent, categoryText);
   await updateFile(`${dist}/modules/manager/index.md`, indexContent);
 }
-- 
GitLab